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Compare East Timor (2002) - British Indian Ocean Territory (2006)

Compare East Timor (2002) z British Indian Ocean Territory (2006)

 East Timor (2002)British Indian Ocean Territory (2006)
 East TimorBritish Indian Ocean Territory
Administrative divisions 13 administrative districts; Aileu, Ainaro, Baucau, Bobonaro (Maliana), Cova-Lima (Suai), Dili, Ermera, Lautem (Los Palos), Liquica, Manatuto, Manufahi (Same), Oecussi (Ambeno), Viqueque -
Age structure NA -
Agriculture - products coffee, rice, maize, cassava, sweet potatoes, soybeans, cabbage, mangoes, bananas, vanilla -
Airports 8 (2001) 1 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways total: 3 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,427 m: 1 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 1 (2002)		 total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 5 5


914 to 1,523 m: 3


under 914 m: 2 (2002)		 -
Area total: 15,007 sq km


land: NA sq km


water: NA sq km		 total: 54,400 sq km


land: 60 sq km; Diego Garcia 44 sq km


water: 54,340 sq km


note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago of 55 islands
Area - comparative slightly larger than Connecticut land area is about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background The Portuguese colony of Timor declared itself independent from Portugal on 28 November 1975 and was invaded and occupied by Indonesian forces nine days later. It was subsequently incorporated into Indonesia in July 1976 as the province of Timor Timur. A so-called campaign of pacification followed over the next two decades, during which time an estimated 100,000 to 250,000 individuals lost their lives. On 30 August 1999, in a UN-supervised popular referendum, the people of Timor Timur voted for independence from Indonesia. On 20 May 2002, East Timor was internationally recognized as an independent state and the world's newest democracy. Established as a territory of the UK in 1965, a number of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) islands were transferred to the Seychelles when it attained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. The largest and most southerly of the islands, Diego Garcia, contains a joint UK-US naval support facility. All of the remaining islands are uninhabited. Former agricultural workers, earlier residents in the islands, were relocated primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles, between 1967 and 1973. In 2000, a British High Court ruling invalidated the local immigration order that had excluded them from the archipelago, but upheld the special military status of Diego Garcia.
Birth rate 28.07 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Budget revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA		 -
Capital Dili -
Climate tropical; hot, humid; distinct rainy and dry seasons tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds
Coastline 706 km 698 km
Constitution 22 March 2002 (based on the Portuguese model) -
Country name conventional long form: Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste


conventional short form: East Timor


local long form: Republika Demokratika Timor Lorosa'e [Tetum]; Republica Democratica de Timor-Leste [Portuguese]


local short form: Timor Lorosa'e [Tetum]; Timor-Leste [Portuguese]


former: Portuguese Timor		 conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory


conventional short form: none


abbreviation: BIOT
Currency US dollar (USD) -
Death rate 6.52 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Debt - external $NA -
Dependency status - overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Grover Joseph REES


embassy: Avenido do Portugal, Farol, Dili


mailing address: NA


telephone: (670) 390 324 684


FAX: (670) 390 313 206		 none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador-designate Jose Luis GUTERRES


chancery: NA


telephone: NA


FAX: NA


consulate(s) general: NA		 none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international East Timor-Indonesia Boundary Committee meets to survey and delimit land boundary; Indonesia seeks resolution of East Timor refugees in Indonesia; Australia-East Timor-Indonesia are working to resolve maritime boundary and sharing of seabed resources in "Timor Gap" Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago including Diego Garcia; in 2001 the former inhabitants of the Chagos Archipelago, evicted in 1965 and now residing chiefly in Mauritius, were granted UK citizenship and the right to repatriation; the UK resists the Chagossians' demand for an immediate return to the islands; repatriation is complicated by the exclusive US military lease of Diego Garcia that restricts access to the largest island in the chain;
Economic aid - recipient $2.2 billion -
Economy - overview In late 1999, about 70% of the economic infrastructure of East Timor was laid waste by Indonesian troops and anti-independence militias, and 260,000 people fled westward. Over the next three years, however, a massive international program, manned by 5,000 peacekeepers (8,000 at peak) and 1,300 police officers, led to substantial reconstruction in both urban and rural areas. By mid-2002, all but about 50,000 of the refugees had returned. The country faces great challenges in continuing the rebuilding of infrastructure and the strengthening of the infant civil administration. One promising long-term project would be development of oil resources in nearby waters. All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where joint UK-US defense facilities are located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installations are done by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands. When the Ilois return, they plan to reestablish sugarcane production and fishing. The country makes money by selling fishing licenses and postage stamps.
Electricity - consumption NA kWh NA kWh
Electricity - exports 0 kWh -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh -
Electricity - production NA kWh NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by the US military
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0%		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Timor Sea, Savu Sea, and Banda Sea 0 m


highest point: Foho Tatamailau 2,963 m		 lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m
Environment - current issues widespread use of slash and burn agriculture has led to deforestation and soil erosion NA
Environment - international agreements NA -
Ethnic groups Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian), Papuan, small Chinese minority -
Executive branch chief of state: President Jose Alexander GUSMAO (since 20 May 2002); note - the president plays a largely symbolic role but is able to veto some legislation


head of government: Prime Minister Mari Bin Amude ALKATIRI (since 20 May 2002)


cabinet: Council of State


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 14 April 2002 (next to be held NA April 2007); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the president


election results: Jose Alexander GUSMAO elected president; percent of vote - Jose Alexander GUSMAO 82.7%, Francisco Xavier do Amaral 17.3%		 chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Commissioner Tony CROMBIE (since January 2004); Administrator Tony HUMPHRIES (since February 2005); note - both reside in the UK


cabinet: NA


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and administrator appointed by the monarch
Exports $8 million (2001 est.) -
Exports - commodities coffee, sandalwood, marble; note - the potential for oil and vanilla exports -
Exports - partners NA -
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June -
Flag description red, with a black isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) superimposed on a slightly longer yellow arrowhead that extends to the center of the flag; there is a white star in the center of the black triangle white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag
GDP purchasing power parity - $415 million (2001 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 25%


industry: 17%


services: 57% (2001)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $500 (2001 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 18% (2001 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 8 50 S, 125 55 E 6 00 S, 71 30 E; note - Diego Garcia 7 20 S, 72 25 E
Geography - note Timor is the Malay word for "Orient"; the island of Timor is part of the Malay Archipelago and is the largest and easternmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands archipelago of 55 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility
Heliports 1 (2002) -
Highways total: 3,800 km


paved: 428 km


unpaved: 3,372 km (1995)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%		 -
Illicit drugs NA -
Imports $237 million (2001 est.) -
Imports - commodities NA -
Imports - partners NA -
Independence 28 November 1975 (date of proclamation of independence from Portugal); note - 20 May 2002 is the official date of international recognition of East Timor's independence from Indonesia -
Industrial production growth rate 8.5% -
Industries printing, soap manufacturing, handicrafts, woven cloth -
Infant mortality rate 51.99 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) NA% -
International organization participation IBRD, IMF


note: UN membership is expected in September		 -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) NA -
Irrigated land 1,065 sq km (est.) 0 sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court of Justice, one judge appointed by the National Parliament and the rest appointed by the Superior Council for the Judiciary -
Labor force NA -
Labor force - by occupation NA -
Land boundaries total: 228 km


border countries: Indonesia 228 km		 0 km
Land use arable land: NA%


permanent crops: NA%


other: NA%		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
Languages Tetum (official), Portuguese (official), Indonesian, English


note: there are a total of about 16 indigenous languages, of which Tetum, Galole, Mambae, and Kemak are spoken by significant numbers of people		 -
Legal system NA the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch unicameral National Parliament (number of seats can vary, minimum requirement of 52 and a maximum of 65 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms); note - for its first term of office, the National Parliament is comprised of 88 members on an exceptional basis


elections: last held 30 August 2001 (next to be held NA August 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - FRETILIN 57.37%, PD 8.72%, PSD 8.18%, ASDT 7.84%, UDT 2.36%, PNT 2.21%, KOTA 2.13%, PPT 2.01%, PDC 1.98%, PST 1.78%, independents/other 5.42%; seats by party - FRETILIN 55, PD 7, PSD 6, ASDT 6, PDC 2, UDT 2, KOTA 2, PNT 2, PPT 2, UDC/PDC 1, PST 1, PL 1, independent 1		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 64.85 years


male: 62.64 years


female: 67.17 years (2002 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 48% (2001)


male: NA%


female: NA%		 -
Location Southeastern Asia, northwest of Australia in the Lesser Sunda Islands at the eastern end of the Indonesian archipelago; note - East Timor includes the eastern half of the island of Timor, the Oecussi (Ambeno) region on the northwest portion of the island of Timor, and the islands of Pulau Atauro and Pulau Jaco archipelago in the Indian Ocean, south of India, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia
Map references Southeast Asia Political Map of the World
Maritime claims contiguous zone: NA NM


exclusive fishing zone: NA NM


continental shelf: NA NM


exclusive economic zone: NA NM


territorial sea: NA NM


extended fishing zone: NA NM		 territorial sea: 3 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total: NA


ships by type: NA		 -
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016
Military branches the East Timor Defense Force or FALINTIL-FDTL comprises a light-infantry Army and a small Naval component; note - plans are to develop a force of 1,500 active personnel and 1,500 reserve personnel over the next five years -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $4.4 million (FY03) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
Military manpower - availability NA -
Military manpower - fit for military service NA -
Military manpower - military age 18-21 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually NA -
National holiday Independence Day, 28 November (1975) -
Nationality noun: Timorese


adjective: Timorese		 -
Natural hazards floods and landslides are common; earthquakes, tsunamis, tropical cyclones NA
Natural resources gold, petroleum, natural gas, manganese, marble coconuts, fish, sugarcane
Net migration rate 51.07 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Pipelines NA -
Political parties and leaders Associacao Social-Democrata Timorense or ASDT [Francisco Xavier do AMARAL]; Christian Democratic Party of Timor or PDC [Antonio XIMENES]; Christian Democratic Union of Timor or UDC [Vicente da Silva GUTERRES]; Democratic Pary or PD [Fernando de ARAUJO]; Maubere Democratic Party or PDM [leader NA]; People's Party of Timor or PPT [Jacob XAVIER]; Revolutionary Front of Independent East Timor or FRETILIN [Lu OLO]; Social Democrat Party of East Timor or PSD [Mario CARRASCALAO]; Socialist Party of Timor or PST [leader NA]; Sons of the Mountain Warriors (also known as Association of Timorese Heroes) or KOTA [Clementino dos Reis AMARAL]; Timor Democratic Union or UDT [Joao CARRASCALAO]; Timor Labor Party or TRABALHISTA [Paulo Freitas DA SILVA]; Timorese Nationalist Party or PNT [Abilio ARAUJO]; Timorese Popular Democratic Association or APODETI [Frederico Almeida Santos COSTA] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 952,618 (July 2002 est.)


note: other estimates range as low as 800,000 (2002 est.)		 no indigenous inhabitants


note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois, were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles in the 1960s and 1970s; in November 2000 they were granted the right of return by a British High Court ruling, though no timetable has been set; in November 2004, there were approximately 4,000 UK and US military personnel and civilian contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line 42% (2002 est.) -
Population growth rate 7.26% (2002 est.) -
Ports and harbors NA -
Radio broadcast stations AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios NA -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Roman Catholic 90%, Muslim 4%, Protestant 3%, Hindu 0.5%, Buddhist, Animist (1992 est.) -
Sex ratio NA -
Suffrage 17 years of age; universal -
Telephone system NA general assessment: separate facilities for military and public needs are available


domestic: all commercial telephone services are available, including connection to the Internet


international: international telephone service is carried by satellite (2000)
Telephones - main lines in use NA NA
Telephones - mobile cellular NA -
Television broadcast stations NA 1 (1997)
Terrain mountainous flat and low (most areas do not exceed two meters in elevation)
Total fertility rate 3.88 children born/woman (2002 est.) -
Unemployment rate 50% (including underemployment) -
Waterways NA -
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